情报组科普文系列:ISU的大炮的巨根梦

2017-01-21 13:39:02 神评论

17173 新闻导语

“ISU加强主炮计划”无论怎么看,最终都是以失败而告终的

It underwent field tests in November 1944, but according to sources, something (probably the mantlet and / or gun mechanism), was simply not strong enough to withstand firing the gun.


1944年11月开始场地测试,但是根据报告,某些零件(大概是炮盾和/或者是炮的某些机构)的强度不够,无法支持射击。


The gun project was totally completed in June 1945, but was abandoned due to the war’s end.


主炮的设计与1945年6月完成,但是因为战争结束,也就车体放弃了。


(Note that the ISU-122-2 was the ISU-122S with the 122 mm D-25S, hence the skip from ISU-122-1 to ISU-122-3).


(需要注意的是,ISU-122-2,也就是ISU-122S,装备的是122mm D-25S,因为毛子跳过了ISU-122-1和ISU-122-3)。

总结


The “ISU High Powered Gun Projects” were, in many respects, a failure. True, the guns were incredibly potent, particularly in the case of the S-26-1, which could penetrate 204 mm from 1000 m. They also had a very long range, only limited by the elevation of the ISU mantlet. However, they were simply not practical and mechanically reliable enough for their intended purpose, which was to knock out the thickest armored Wehrmacht tanks consistently, and from long ranges.


“ISU加强主炮计划”无论怎么看,最终都是以失败而告终的,这些火炮都有很多优势,特别是S-26-1能在1000m的穿深达到了204mm,而且他们的射程都很远,只是因为ISU的底盘而有所限制。然而,这些计划都不够现实,并且对于他们所需要担当的任务来说----也就是在远距离击毁德国重甲坦克,可靠性也是远远不够的。

Even if the vehicles were put into serial production, how often these tanks would face off with the most heavily armored vehicles of the Wehrmacht is questionable. With Jagdtigers, King Tigers, and Ferdinands being so rare, the war was more likely to have ended before the ISU High Powered Projects saw combat with the vehicles they were designed to destroy. What had ultimately put the nail in the coffin for these guns was that the war had ended, and they were no longer necessary.


就算这些坦克最终通过了验收,他们有几次能够正面对抗德国的重型坦克也是个谜。像猎虎,虎王,斐迪南的已经是如此的稀少,战争也快打完了,很可能ISU们还没有设计完毕这些坦克就都成废铁了。因此最后将ISU计划推入棺材的实际上是战争的结束。

Sidenote: Designations and identification through photos


后注:如何从图片识别和判定车辆


In the writing of this article, it has been exceptionally difficult to pin down which photos correspond to which project. Indeed, some sources only mention four (in some cases, only three) High Powered Gun Project vehicles. It has been the author’s conclusion that there were five such High Powered Gun Projects mounted onto ISU chassis, as outlined in Solyankin’s book “Советские тяжелые самоходные артиллерийские установки 1941-45″. Most online sources, particularly non-Russian language sources, are incredibly inaccurate. Gun statistics were mostly provided by a Soviet data set as provided by However, these statistics sometimes differ with Solyankin.


当我写下这篇文章的时候,发现实际上很难从图片上识别里面的车辆是属于哪个项目的。实际上,某些来源中只提到了其中的4个(某些来源甚至只有3个)项目。因此我总结了一下,根据Solyankin所著《Советские тяжелые самоходные артиллерийские установки 1941-45》,一共有5种ISU底盘上的BM项目。很多在线的来源,特别是非俄文的来源,惊人的都不正确。主炮的数据基本都以苏联的资料判断,然而,某些数据和Solyankin提供的有所不同。

Notes:脚注:


1 – Note 1 – Most data has been obtained from this Soviet data set. However, certain statistics have not been given and have been obtained from alternative (potentially dubious) sources. Where necessary, statistics provided by Solyankin have been used, but these are questionable.


脚注1-大部分的数据都包含来自苏联的数据,然而,某些数据并未被给出,并且包括不同的来源(因为比较可疑)。如果必要的话会采用Solyankin的数据,但是这些数据依旧存疑


2 – Note 2 – Experienced crews were able to load much faster. Consider that the BM guns were likely tested by experts in test ground conditions, thus likely making their rounds per minute data higher than would be in the field, by more typical tank crews.


脚注2-熟练的车组成员可以装填的更快。考虑到BM火炮都是在专业人员操作并且处于测试的条件下,他们的装填速度肯定要比实战中一般的坦克成员要更快一些


3 – Note 3 – Obtaining the ISU-122S’ ammo capacity has been difficult. It is reported that with a crew of four, instead of five (IE, one loader instead of two), then ammo capacity was increased, but the only given figure is 30, presumably with two loaders.


不同的ISU-122S的炮弹携带数量是不同的。某些报告说,如果成员是4人一组而非5人的话(就是说有一个装填手而非2个),炮弹携带数量也会增加,但是根据推测基本也就是30发左右

Sources:资料来源(反正你们在国内也看不见我就装装样子就好了)


“Germany’s Panther Tank: The Quest for Combat Supremacy”, by Thomas Jentz


“Sturmgeschutz & Its Variants”, by Walter J. Spielberger


“Советские тяжелые самоходные артиллерийские установки 1941-45”, by A.G. Solyankin


battlefield.ru


battlefield.ru (second page)


forum.axishistory.com


tankarchives.blogspot


tankarchives.blogspot (second page)


tankarchives.blogspot (third page)


armchairgeneral.com forums


WW2 AT Penetrations.pdf


alternatewars.com


alternatewars.com (second page)


ftr.wot-news.com


3.bp.blogspot


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